Welcome to Precast/Prestressed Girder U.S. Online Help
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Frequently Asked Questions
Contacting Technical Support
Units
Introduction to Precast/Prestressed Girder
Program Capabilities
Design Code and Units
Program Libraries
Span Type
Flared Girder Geometry
Analysis and Design
Load Rating
General Program Capabilities
Florida DOT Specific Options
CALTRANS Specific Options
Program Boundaries
Using the Help
Program Interface
Using Online Help
System Requirements
General Operation
Project Tab
Geometry Tab
Multi-Span
Geometry Terms
Materials Tab
Materials Terms
Loads Tab
Guide to Modeling Dead Loads in Precast/Prestressed Girder
Loads Terms
Analysis Tab
Analysis Factors (LFD)
Distribution Tab (LFD)
Gamma/Beta Factors Tab (LFD)
Analysis Factors (LRFD)
Distribution Tab (LRFD)
Dynamic Load factors
Load Factors Tab (LRFD)
Modifier Tab (LRFD)
Project Parameters
Limiting Stress Tab (LRFD)
Stress Factors Screen(LRFD)
Limiting Stress Factors (LRFD)
Allowable Stresses Tab (LFD)
Allowable Stress Factors (LFD)
Multipliers Tab
Restraining Moments Tab
Resistance Factor/Losses tab
Moment and Shear Provisions Tab
Beam Tab
Design Parameters
Prestress Losses Tab
Transform Steel Tab
Allowable Stresses (LFD)
Limiting Stresses (LRFD)
Effective Width Tab
Prestressing Tendon Tab
Strand Pattern
Strand Pattern Terms
Graphical Strand Pattern Input Wizard
Design Status
Debonding Pattern
Change of Detensioning Sequence for Prestressing Strands
Debonding Pattern Terms
Rebar Pattern
Stirrups Tab
Negative Moment Continuity Steel Tab
Rebars in Beam Tab Screen
Rating Parameters Tab
Results
Deck Design
Menus
File Menu
Show Menu
Image
Model
Results
Diagram
Distribution Factors
Preferences
Libraries Menu
Beam Sections
Add/Modify Beam Sections
Beam Section Drawing Editor
Setting the Grid Dimensions
Drawing Beam Sections
Inserting a Circle
Modifying the Nodes
Saving the Section Data
Template
Prestressing Tendon
Rebar
Live Load Library
Add/Modify Live Load Screen
Live Load Terms
Section Library Transfer
Transfer Menu
Help Menu
Theory
AASHTO LFD
Structural Modeling
Dead Loads
Live Loads
Moment Envelopes and Shear Envelopes
Distribution of Loads
Dead Load on Composite
Resistance Factors/Strength Capacity Reduction Factors
Full Beam and Half Beam
Kern Points
Effective Flange Width
Strand Groups
Prestress Losses
Derivation of Closed-Form Solution for Prestress Loss Due to Elastic Shortening
Transformed Section Properties
Elastic Shortening
Transfer and Development Length
Calculation of Strand Area and Location
Allowable Stresses in Concrete
Vertical Shear
Horizontal Shear
Reaction
Moment Capacity According to the AASHTO Method
Moment Capacity by Strain Compatibility
Cracking Ratio
Automatic Straight Strand Pattern Generation
Automatic Draped Strand Pattern Generation
Automatic Debonding and Critical Point
Midspan Shielding
Negative Moment Reinforcement
Positive Restraining Moments (LFD)
Camber and Deflections
Detensioning
Load Rating
AASHTO LRFD
Methodology
Limit States
Structural Modeling
Dead Loads
Live Loads
Pedestrian/Sidewalk Loads
Optional Live Load Deflection Analysis
Distribution of Loads
Load Factors
Resistance Factors
Full Beam and Half Beam
Kern Points
Effective Flange Width
Strand Groups
Prestress Losses
Transformed Section Properties
Elastic Shortening
Transfer and Development Length
Calculation of Strand Area and Location
Limiting Stresses in Concrete
Vertical Shear
Horizontal Shear
Automatic Straight Strand Pattern Generation
Automatic Draped Strand Pattern Generation
Automatic Debonding and Critical Point
Midspan Shielding
Reactions
Ultimate Capacity
Negative Moment Reinforcement
Positive Restraining Moments
Camber and Deflections
Detensioning
Appendices
References
Nomenclature and Printout Explanation (LFD)
Nomenclature and Printout Explanation (LFD)
Nomenclature and Printout Explanation (LRFD)
Nomenclature & Printout Explanation (LRFD) Dialog
Beam Sections Library
AASHTO Girder Properties
Bulb Tee Girder Properties
Box Beam Properties
Rectangular Beam with Circular Voids Properties
Double Tee Properties
Prestressing Tendon Library
Live Load Library
Refined Methods of Analysis for Distribution Factor Computation (LRFD)
Feature Assumptions and Limitations
Tutorial
General Operation
Geometry Tab
Distribution Factor Tab (LFD)
Beam Section Library
Materials Tab
Using Predefined Strand Patterns
Specifying Predefined Strand Patterns in the Library
Depressed Point Locations for Draped Strands
Flared Girder Geometry Appendix
Alignment Dialog Box
Adding Tangents
Bridge Component Layout Dialog Box
Abutment Properties Dialog Box
Pier Cap Properties Dialog Box
Cross Section Layout Dialog Box
Loads Tab
Analysis Tab
Beam Tab
Limitations and Assumptions
Lateral Stability
Tutorials
Continuous 3-Span Bridge with Bulb Tee Girder T1 and Continuity Design (U.S. Units) (LFD)
Problem Data
Start of Tutorial
Load Rating of Three Span Bridge (U.S. Units) T1A (LFD)
Start of Tutorial
Simple-Span Double Tee Design (U.S. Units) (LFD)
Problem Data
Start of Tutorial
Continuous 2-Span Prestressed Spread Box Beam Design (U.S. Units) (LFD)
Problem Data
Start of Tutorial
Continuous 3-Span Bridge with NU1600 Girders (Metric Units) (LRFD)
Problem Data
Start of Tutorial
Simple Span Adjacent Box Beam Bridge (U.S. Units) (LRFD)
Problem Data
Start of Tutorial
Load Rating of Simple Span Bridge (U.S. Units) (LRFD)
Problem Data
Start of Tutorial 6
Hand Calculation for Selected Items
Tutorial 1: Continuous 3-Span 72 Inch Bulb Tee Girder Design (U.S. Units) (LFD)
COMPUTED LOSSES
SERVICE LOAD MOMENTS AND SHEARS
RELEASE STRESSES
FINAL STRESSES - POSITIVE MOMENT ENVELOPE AT MIDSPAN
FINAL STRESSES - NEGATIVE MOMENT ENVELOPE
VERTICAL SHEAR AT H/2
HORIZONTAL SHEAR AT H/2
ULTIMATE CAPACITY AT MIDSPAN
CRACKING LOAD, AT 0.4L
CAMBER AND DEFLECTIONS
DETENSIONING
REINFORCED DESIGN
Tutorial 1A: Load Rating of Three Span Bridge (U.S. Units)(LFD) Hand Calculation for Selected Items
Tutorial 4: Continuous 3-Span Bridge with NU-1600 Girders (Metric Units) (LRFD) Hand Calculation Selected Items
MATERIALS
CROSS-SECTIONAL PROPERTIES, TYPICAL INTERIOR BEAM
COMPOSITE SECTION
SHEAR FORCES AND BENDING MOMENTS
SHEAR FORCES AND BENDING MOMENTS DUE TO LIVE LOADS
Load Combinations [LRFD ART. 3.4]
STRAND PATTERN
PRESTRESS LOSSES [LRFD ART. 5.9.5]
CHECK OF CONCRETE STRESSES AT TRANSFER (RELEASE)
CHECK OF CONCRETE STRESSES AT SERVICE LOADS
CHECK OF STRENGTH LIMIT STATE
LIMITS OF REINFORCEMENT
SHEAR DESIGN
ANCHORAGE ZONE REINFORCEMENT
HORIZONTAL SHEAR [LRFD ART. 5.8.4]
DEFLECTION AND CAMBER
Tutorial 5: Simple Span Adjacent Box Beam Bridge U.S. Units) (LRFD) Selected Hand Calculation
SHEAR FORCES AND BENDING MOMENTS
STRAND PATTERN
PRESTRESS LOSSES [LRFD INTERIMS 2005 - APPROXIMATE METHOD, ART.5.9.5]
TOTAL LOSSES AT SERVICE LOADS
CHECK CONCRETE STRESSES AT TRANSFER (RELEASE)
CHECK CONCRETE STRESSES AT SERVICE LOADS
CHECK OF STRENGTH LIMIT STATE
LIMITS OF REINFORCEMENT
Shear Design
PRETENSIONED ANCHORAGE ZONE [LRFD ART. 5.10.10]
DEFLECTION AND CAMBER
Tutorial 6: Hand Calculations Illustrating Load Rating According to LRFR
DESIGN LOAD RATING (FOR HL-93 LOAD)
Service Limit States (Inventory and Operating Level)
Legal Load Rating
PERMIT LOAD RATING
Prestressing Steel Tension Capacity for Permit Load